honor, rather than a supremacy of jurisdiction over all other bishops and regional churches. To counter that claim, Catholics point to biblical Petrine evidences and the actual wielding of authority by renowned popes such as St. Leo the Great (440–61) and St. Gregory the Great (590–604), honored as saints even by the Orthodox. The papacy, according to Catholic Tradition, is a divinely instituted office, not merely (as Orthodoxy considers the papacy and Roman supremacy) a political and historical